George meyer



(No Model.)

G. MEYER. GOMMUTATOR BRUSH. 110.473,195, Patented Apr. 19, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

GEORGE MEYER, OE INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO FRED L. MCGAHAN, OFSAME PLACE.

COMMUTATOR-BRUSH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 473,195, dated April19, 1892.

Application filed .I une 6, 1891.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE MEYER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in CommutatorBrushes,of which the following is a specifica-tion.

My said invention consists in an improved construction ofcommutator-brushes or current-collectors for dynamo-electric machines ormotors, whereby a brush is provided which is adapted for long continuoususe and is possessed of sufficient electrical conductivity to render itefficient in use, and, further, one which is constructed to have variousand independent points of contact with the com1nutator flexibly securedand so arranged that the breaking or interruption of one will in no wayaffect the perfect contact of the others, thus reducing the waste andinterruption of the current and the sparking and heat hetween the partsto a minimum, all as will be hereinafter more particularly described andclaimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof,and on which similar letters of reference indicate similar parts, Figurel is a View in elevation showing the end of an armature, the commutatorthereon with the brush-holders secured in position an d carrying brushesof my improved construction; Fig. 2, an end elevation of the brush, andFig. 3 a central longitudinal seetion through the same.

The commutator and the arm supporting the brush-holders are of any usualor desired construction and arrangement and need no special descriptionherein. Therefore in said drawings the portions marked A represent thebrush-holder, and B the pencils compris ing the bruslrpoints.

The holder A is a casting of any suitable metal, preferably copper,mounted in the end of the arm secured to the commutator in an ordinarymanner, being insulated therefrom, as shown, and provided with acontact-washer u, with which the line-wire l is coupled, as usual. Saidcasting is provided with a rearwardly-projecting wing on its upper edge.In its main portion it has a series of perforations of a sufficient sizeto receive the pencils Serial No. 395,375. (No model.)

B and permit them to move therein. Behind each of said perforations isformed a smaller perforation or socket in said rearwardly-projectingwing, in which a rod or standard A', having a cap d' on its upper end,is firmly secured.

The pencils B consist of metal and carbon combined, the metal being of aproportion sufficient to lessen the resistance to the degree required tosecure the best results. They are preferably constructed with metalcenters (usually copper rods ZJ) surrounded by carbon, and are looselymounted in the perforations in the holder. Each of said pencils has ayoke B secured thereon a short distance above the upper edge of theholder, said yoke being formed with a perforation for the carbon andanother by which it is mounted loosely on the standard A', a spring A2being interposed between said yoke and the cap a on said standard, whichthus normally tends to force said pencil down and hold it into closecontact with the commutator. Each of the copper rods Z2 extends upthrough the carbon pencil and has a metallic cap b screwed thereon,which cap is formed with a downwardly-extending flange which embracesthe top end of the carbon. To the top of each of said caps a wire B2 issecured which connects with a point on the face of the holder below,thus forming a path back to said holder for that portion of the currentwhich passes through said rod to its upper end. As will be readilyunderstood, the pencil might be composed of acarbon center in a metalshell, if preferred, as shown at the right in Fig. 3, and in such aconstruction the wire B2 would not be required, as the yoke B', heiligsecurely clamped to such pencil and mounted on a standard A', as shown,would furnish a sufficient electrical connection between the holder andpencil.

In operation said brushes are arranged onl substantially opposite sidesof the commutator, and the pencils are in a position at substantiallyright angles with the surface with which they contact, being held intoclose contact by the springs A2. By this arrangement it will be foundthat the causes which usually effect breaks in the contact between thecommutator and brush and thus cause sparking,

IOC

a Waste of the current, and a burning out of the parts will not at anytime disturb the contact of more than'one of the pencils with thecommutator, thus securing the highest possible efficiency of the brushandv preventing any appreciable irregularities in the current. Byforming the pencils partly of carbon and partly of metal the frictionbetween the parts and the consequent heat and wear is lessened to aminimum, while its conductivity is not materially impaired.

I am aware that carbon and metal have heretofore been used incombination in the construction of commutator-brushes, and I thereforelimit myself to the particular construction and arrangement as hereindescribed and claimed. l

Having thus fully described my said invention,what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A conlmutator-brush consisting of a holder having a series ofindependently-movable pencils therein, each of which is composed of acenter surrounded by a shell, one of which parts is carbon and the otherof which is metal, said two component materials extending to and formingthe points of saidv pencils which contact with the commutator,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination,in acommutator-brush, of the holder provided with aseries of perforations and a series of corresponding sockets alongsidesaid perforations, standards secu red in said sockets, pencils formingthe contactpoints of the brush mounted to move in saidperforations, ayoke secured to each of said pencils and mounted to slide on theadjacent standard, and a spring interposed between said yoke and asuitable reston said standard.

8. A commutator-brush consisting of the holder, a series of pencilssecured therein, composed of a metal rod surrounded by carbon, and awire running from the upper end of' each of said rods to the holder,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a com mutator-brush, of the holder formed with aseries of perforations and a series of sockets alongside saidperforations, standards secured in said sockets, pencils composed of ametal center and a carbon outside mounted in each of said perforations,a yoke secured on each of said pencils and mounted to slide on theadjacent standard, a spring interposed between said yoke and a bearingon said standard, and a wire running from the upper end of each of thepencils down and connected to the holder, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, atIndianapolis, Indiana, this 2d day of June, A. DASS-)1.

GEORGE MEYER. [n s]

